The rear speakers signal looks weak, the bass is not good enough I think You would have to restore it maybe before LOC so forget it.
You could tap one of the front speaker (door or harness near door).
I think putting a harness at the head unit is a good choice, it'll be easy if you want to expand later with better amp / door speakers down the line. Your sub will show the lack of amplification of your door speakers btw.
FYI, I'm going the harness way (could cut the wires anyway) to install a 5.1 DSP/AMP (Audison AF M5.11 bit). It will drive Kenwood excellon speakers and a Audison 10" 400w sub.
To feed the sub, I'll use the low freq signal from front speakers, not rears.
The stock speakers are quite bad. Running the Kenwood out of the factory unit right now and it's already way better, plenty of midbass, tweeter crystal clear.